1. Taekwondo Techniques Pdf
2. Korean Martial Arts Taekwondo

Taekwondo Click your state to see a complete list of Taekwondo training centers.Taekwondo Philosophy:Taekwondo is a Korean martial art emphasizing in kicking. Developed in the mid-20th Century and drawing upon millennia of Korean and East Asian martial tradition, it is currently one of the world’s most popular martial arts. Although powerful hand techniques and throws are taught as part of the curriculum, taekwondo is most known for the variety and sophistication of its kicking techniques. As a martial art it is a holistic approach to hand-to-hand combat and general physical and mental wellness and agility.

As a sport it is an Olympic event contested by almost one hundred countries at the most recent Olympiad. History and Origins of Taekwondo:Taekwondo is the product of a martial tradition over two millennia in the making. The earliest known reference to empty-handed fighting arts are from paintings on the walls of a Goguryeo dynasty tomb built between 3 and 427 AD. Historians speculate that warriors from the neighboring Silla Dynasty learned of these arts (most probably taekkyeon) from the Goguryeo prior to this in order to fend off Japanese pirates.

Codified systems and traditions of combatMartial arts are codified systems and traditions of practiced for a number of reasons such as; and applications;; physical, mental and spiritual development; and entertainment or the preservation of a nation's.Although the term has become associated with the fighting arts of, it originally referred to the combat systems of as early as the 1550s. The term is derived from and means 'arts of ', the god of war. Some authors have argued that fighting arts or fighting systems would be more appropriate on the basis that many martial arts were never 'martial' in the sense of being used or created by professional warriors. Contents.Variation and scope Martial arts may be categorized using a variety of criteria, including:. Traditional/historical arts vs. Contemporary styles: e.g., compared to modern.

Techniques taught: armed vs., and within these categories by type of weapon (, etc.) or by type of combat ( vs., vs. ). By application or intent:, or demonstration of forms, etc. Within: vs. StylesBy technical focus UnarmedUnarmed martial arts can be broadly grouped into those focusing on, those focusing on, and those that cover both fields, often described as.:,.:,. Others using strikes:,.:,.

/ /:,.:,ArmedThe traditional martial arts that cover often encompass a wide spectrum of, including. Such traditions include, and, especially those of the.

Taekwondo Techniques Pdf

Many also feature weapons as part of their curriculum.Sometimes, training with one specific weapon may be considered a style in its own right, especially in the case of, with disciplines such as and (sword), (staff), and (archery). Similarly, modern martial arts and sports include, stick-fighting systems like, and.By application or intent Combat-oriented. Main articles: and Health-orientedMany martial arts, especially those from, also teach side disciplines which pertain to medicinal practices. This is particularly prevalent in traditional which may teach, herbalism, and other aspects of traditional medicine.

Spirituality-orientedMartial arts can also be linked with religion and spirituality. Numerous systems are reputed to have been founded, disseminated, or practiced by monks or nuns.Throughout the Asian arts, meditation may be incorporated as part of training. In those arts influenced by Hindu-Buddhist philosophy, the practice itself may be used as an aid to attaining enlightenment.styles, when concerning non-physical qualities of the combat, are often strongly influenced by Buddhist philosophy.

Concepts like ' and 'beginner's mind' are recurrent. Practitioners for instance, can have a strong philosophical belief of the flow of energy and peace fostering, as idealised by the art's founder.Traditional martial arts place emphasis on the development of the practitioner's spiritual and philosophical development. A common theme in most Korean styles, such as and, is the value of 'inner peace' in a practitioner, which is stressed to be only achievable through individual meditation and training. The Koreans believe that the use of physical force is only justifiable for defense. draws upon breathing and relaxation techniques, as well as elements of thought, to foster self-conscience and calmness, and to benefit the practitioner in different levels: the physical, the psychological and the spiritual.Some martial arts in various cultures can be performed in -like settings for various reasons, such as for evoking ferocity in preparation for battle or showing off skill in a more stylized manner, with capoeira being the most prominent example. Many such martial arts incorporate music, especially strong percussive rhythms.

(See also.)History. Detail of the wrestling fresco in tomb 15 at.Human warfare dates back to the to early era. The oldest works of art depicting scenes of battle are from eastern Spain dated between 10,000 and 6,000 BC that show organized groups fighting with bows and arrows. Similar evidence of warfare has been found in Epipalaeolithic to early Neolithic era, excavated in Germany and at in.is the oldest, with origins in. Was depicted in works of art from and circa 3000 BC, and later in the. The earliest known depiction of comes from a relief in Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) from the 3rd millennium BC.originated during the legendary, possibly apocryphal, more than 4000 years ago.

It is said the Huangdi (legendary date of ascension 2698 BC) introduced the earliest fighting systems to. The Yellow Emperor is described as a famous who before becoming 's leader, wrote lengthy treatises on medicine, and martial arts. One of his main opponents was who was credited as the creator of jiao di, a forerunner to the modern art of.The foundation of modern is likely a blend of early. During the of (480-221 BC) extensive development in martial philosophy and strategy emerged, as described by in (c. Legendary accounts link the origin of to the from during the early 5th century AD, with the figure of, to.

Written evidence of martial arts in Southern India dates back to the of about the 2nd century BC to the 2nd century AD. The combat techniques of the were the earliest precursors to. Further information: Late 19th to early 20th centuryThe mid to late 19th century marks the beginning of the history of martial arts as modern sports developed out of earlier traditional fighting systems. In Europe, this concerns the developments of and as sports. In Japan, the same period marks the formation of the modern forms of, and (among others) based on revivals of of martial arts which had been suppressed during the. Modern rules date to the 1920s.

In China, the modern history of martial arts begins in the (1930s) following the foundation of the in 1928 under the government.Western interest in arises towards the end of the 19th century, due to the increase in trade between the United States with China and Japan. Relatively few Westerners actually practiced the arts, considering it to be mere performance., a railway engineer who had studied while working in Japan between 1894 and 1897, was the first man known to have taught Asian martial arts in Europe. He also founded an eclectic style named which combined, wrestling, boxing, savate and.and was included in the.and were introduced in 1904.The tradition of awarding in wrestling and boxing can be traced to the, introduced in 1909.20th century (1914 to 1989). One of the best known Hollywood actors and martial artists.The was established in 1920. Have been held since 1921.As Western influence grew in Asia a greater number of military personnel spent time in China, Japan and South Korea during World War II and the and were exposed to local fighting styles. Jujutsu, judo and karate first became popular among the mainstream from the 1950s-60s.

Due in part to Asian and Hollywood, most modern American martial arts are either Asian-derived or Asian influenced.The term (キックボクシング) was created by the Japanese boxing promoter Osamu Noguchi for a variant of muay Thai and karate that he created in the 1950s. Was developed in the 1970s, as a combination of boxing and karate. Was developed in the context of the in the 1950s.The later 1960s and 1970s witnessed an increased media interest in, influenced by martial artist. Bruce Lee is credited as one of the first instructors to openly teach to Westerners. Have been held since 1956, was introduced in 1964. Were introduced in 1970.Following the 'kung fu wave' in in the 1970s, a number of mainstream films produced during the 1980s contributed significantly to the perception of martial arts in western.

These include (1984) and (1988). This era produced some action stars with martial arts background, such as and.Also during the 20th century, a number of martial arts were adapted for purposes for military., (1930s) and (1950s) in Israel, in Soviet-era Russia, and in the People's Republic of China are examples of such systems. The de-emphasized hand-to-hand combat training during the, but revived it with the introduction of in 1989.1990 to presentDuring the 1990s became popular and proved to be effective in mixed martial arts competitions such as the and.In 1993 the first event was held.

The rules of kickboxing were introduced based on 1980s karate.and are prominent movie figures who have been responsible for promoting Chinese martial arts in recent years.With the continual discovery of more and fighting manuals, the practice of and other are growing in popularity across the United States and Europe.On November 29, 2011, inscribed onto its Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity List. Reviving of lost martial arts Many martial arts which originated in were banned by the government of the, few of them which barely survived are. These and other martial arts survived by telling the British government it was a form of dance., a martial arts concentrating on vital points, was almost dead but is gradually being revived. Testing and competition Testing or evaluation is important to martial artists of many disciplines who wish to determine their progression or own level of skill in specific contexts. Students often undergo periodic testing and grading by their own teacher in order to advance to a higher level of recognized achievement, such as a different color or title.

The type of testing used varies from system to system but may include forms. Executing a Jump SpinVarious forms and sparring are commonly used in martial art exhibitions and tournaments. Some competitions pit practitioners of different disciplines against each other using a common set of rules, these are referred to as mixed martial arts competitions. Rules for sparring vary between art and organization but can generally be divided into light-contact, medium-contact, and full-contact variants, reflecting the amount of force that should be used on an opponent.Light- and medium-contact These types of sparring restrict the amount of force that may be used to hit an opponent, in the case of light sparring this is usually to 'touch' contact, e.g.

A punch should be 'pulled' as soon as or before contact is made. In medium-contact (sometimes referred to as semi-contact) the punch would not be 'pulled' but not hit with full force. As the amount of force used is restricted, the aim of these types of sparring is not to an opponent; a point system is used in competitions.A referee acts to monitor for fouls and to control the match, while judges mark down scores, as in boxing. Particular targets may be prohibited, certain techniques may be forbidden (such as headbutting or groin hits), and fighters may be required to wear on their head, hands, chest, groin, shins or feet. Some grappling arts, such as aikido, use a similar method of compliant training that is equivalent to light or medium contact.In some styles (such as fencing and some styles of taekwondo sparring), competitors score points based on the landing of a single technique or strike as judged by the referee, whereupon the referee will briefly stop the match, award a point, then restart the match.

Alternatively, sparring may continue with the point noted by the judges. Some critics of point sparring feel that this method of training teaches habits that result in lower combat effectiveness. Lighter-contact sparring may be used exclusively, for children or in other situations when heavy contact would be inappropriate (such as beginners), medium-contact sparring is often used as training for full contact.Full-contact. Further information:Full-contact sparring or competition, where strikes or techniques are not pulled but used with full force as the name implies, has a number of tactical differences from light and medium-contact sparring. It is considered by some to be requisite in learning realistic unarmed combat.In full-contact sparring, the aim of a competitive match is to the opponent or to force the opponent to.Where scoring takes place it may be a subsidiary measure, only used if no clear winner has been established by other means; in some competitions, such as the, there was no scoring, though most now use some form of judging as a backup. Due to these factors, full-contact matches tend to be more aggressive in character, but rule sets may still mandate the use of protective equipment, or limit the techniques allowed.Nearly all mixed martial arts organizations such as, use a form of full-contact rules as do organizations. Requires advanced practitioners to engage in bare-knuckled, full-contact sparring allowing kicks, knees and punching although punching to the head is disallowed while wearing only a karate gi and groin protector.

Brazilian jiu-jitsu and judo matches do not allow striking, but are full-contact in the sense that full force is applied in the permitted grappling and submission techniques. Competitions held by requires the use of and padded vest, but are full contact in the sense that full force is applied to strikes to the head and body, and win by is possible.Martial sport. Several martial arts, such as, are.Martial arts have crossed over into sports when forms of become competitive, becoming a sport in its own right that is dissociated from the original combative origin, such as with western fencing. The Summer Olympic Games includes judo, taekwondo, western archery, boxing, javelin, wrestling and fencing as events, while recently failed in its bid to be included, but is still actively performed in tournaments across the world.

Korean Martial Arts Taekwondo

Practitioners in some arts such as and Brazilian jiu-jitsu often train for sport matches, whereas those in other arts such as generally spurn such competitions. Some schools believe that competition breeds better and more efficient practitioners, and gives a sense of good sportsmanship. Others believe that the rules under which competition takes place have diminished the combat effectiveness of martial arts or encourage a kind of practice which focuses on winning trophies rather than a focus such as cultivating a particular moral character.The question of 'which is the best martial art' has led to inter style competitions fought with very few rules allowing a variety of fighting styles to enter with few limitations.

This was the origin of the first tournament (later renamed ) in the U.S. Inspired by the tradition and along with other minimal rule competitions, most notably those from Japan such as and, have evolved into the of Mixed Martial Arts (MMA).Some martial artists compete in non-sparring competitions such as or choreographed routines of techniques such as, and, or modern variations of the martial arts which include dance-influenced competitions such as tricking. Martial traditions have been influenced by governments to become more sport-like for political purposes; the central impetus for the attempt by the People's Republic of China in transforming Chinese martial arts into the committee-regulated sport of was suppressing what they saw as the potentially aspects of martial training, especially under the traditional system of family lineages. Health and fitness benefits Martial arts training aims to result in several benefits to trainees, such as their physical, mental, emotional and spiritual health.Through systematic practice in the martial arts a person's may be boosted (strength, stamina, speed, flexibility, movement coordination, etc.) as the whole body is exercised and the entire muscular system is activated.

Beyond contributing to physical fitness, martial arts training also has benefits for, contributing to, and well-being. For this reason, a number of martial arts schools have focused purely on therapeutic aspects, de-emphasizing the historical aspect of self-defense or combat completely. According to, martial arts also have the nature of an, since there is emotional communication and complete emotional expression. Self-defense, military and law enforcement applications. Combatives instructor demonstrates a.Some traditional martial concepts have seen new use within modern military training.

Perhaps the most recent example of this is which relies on to more effectively utilize a in a variety of awkward situations, much the way an would master movements with their sword.During the World War II era and were recruited by the (SOE) to teach their martial art of (itself drawing on Western boxing and jujutsu) and pistol shooting to UK, US, and Canadian special forces. The book Kill or Get Killed, written by Colonel, was based on the defendu taught by Sykes and Fairbairn. Both Fairbairn's Get Tough and Appelgate's Kill or Get Killed became classic works on hand-to-hand combat.Traditional hand-to-hand, knife, and spear techniques continue to see use in the composite systems developed for today's wars.

Examples of this include European, the 's system developed by, the 's and, and the 's (MCMAP). Unarmed dagger defenses identical to those found in the manual of and the were integrated into the U.S.

Army's in 1942and continue to influence today's systems along with other traditional systems such as and.The rifle-mounted which has its origin in the, has seen use by the, the, and the as recently as the.Many martial arts are also seen and used in Law Enforcement hand to hand training. For example, the Riot Police's use of. Clements, John (January 2006). Meibukan Magazine (Special Edition No.

Archived from (PDF) on March 18, 2012. and P'ng Chye Khim (1979). Shaolin Lohan Kung-fu.

Tuttle Publishing. Retrieved 2010-11-07. Russian Martial Art - Systema Headquarters. Retrieved 2011-09-29.

^ Hamblin, William J. New York: Routledge. P. 15. Nash, George, 'Assessing rank and warfare strategy in prehistoric hunter-gatherer society: a study of representational warrior figures in rock-art from the Spanish Levant' in: M. Parker Pearson & I.J.N. Thorpe (eds.), Warfare, violence and slavery in prehistory: proceedings of a Prehistoric Society conference at Sheffield University, 2005, Archaeopress, 163,.

Retrieved 2 September 2019. Michael Poliakoff.

Retrieved 18 May 2013. Retrieved 2010-11-07.

Reid, Howard and Croucher, Michael. The Way of the Warrior-The Paradox of the Martial Arts' New York. Overlook Press: 1983. Archived from on August 29, 2009. Retrieved 2016-02-29.

Retrieved 2016-02-29. Berreby, David (1988-08-28). The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-12-04. Archived from on 2014-07-17.

Retrieved 2014-05-27. Archived from on 2010-05-23. Retrieved 2010-11-07. Retrieved 2014-05-27. Unesco.org. Tandon, Nikita.

The Armchair Lounge. Archived from on 2018-08-21. Retrieved 2016-03-01. Manoharan, Suresh K. Retrieved 2016-03-01. Straight Blast gym. Archived from on 2009-01-07.

Retrieved 2008-11-03. – An essay on contact levels in training. Dave Meltzer (November 12, 2007). Archived from on June 4, 2011. Retrieved 2008-11-03. Fu, Zhongwen (2006) 1996. Mastering Yang Style Taijiquan.

Berkeley, California: Blue Snake Books. Bu, Bin; Haijun, Han; Yong, Liu; Chaohui, Zhang; Xiaoyuan, Yang; Singh, Maria Fiatarone (2010).

'Effects of martial arts on health status: A systematic review'. Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine.

3 (4): 205–219. Vail, Jason (2006). Medieval and Renaissance Dagger Combat. Paladin Press. Pp. 91–95. Sean Rayment (2004-06-13). Retrieved 2008-12-11.

Twigger, R. (1997): Angry White Pyjamas. London: Phoenix. Retrieved 2015-08-13. Kim, H.-S. (2009): 2011-07-23 at the (21 December 2009).

Retrieved on 8 January 2010. Jack W.

Plunkett, Plunkett's Sports Industry Almanac 2009,. September 2003, p. 20. see e.g., June 1999, p. 78.

Tom Heintjes (June 20, 2017). Retrieved 2015-08-13.